Small GTPase that directly activates mTORC1 when in its GTP-bound state; held inactive by TSC1/TSC2.
| Tier | What it means | Studies |
|---|---|---|
| D | Mechanistic / in vitro / review | 8 |
No direct human evidence in the Atlas for this entity yet — everything below rests on animal or mechanistic work.
| Study | Year | Tier | Finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| SAN2010 | 2010 | D | Established WHERE mTORC1 gets switched on: the lysosome surface. Identified Ragulator as the lysosomal dock that recruits the Rag GTPases and drags mTORC1 to the membrane where its activator Rheb live |
| SAN2007 | 2007 | D | Identified PRAS40 as the missing insulin-controlled brake INSIDE mTORC1. When insulin is absent PRAS40 clamps the complex shut; insulin makes Akt phosphorylate PRAS40, releasing the brake so Rheb can |
| LON2005 | 2005 | D | Rheb binds the mTOR kinase domain and directly stimulates its activity. |
| GAR2003 | 2003 | D | Insulin activates Rheb-GTP, inhibited by TSC1/2, positioning Rheb as the direct upstream activator of TOR. |
| INOK2003 | 2003 | D | TSC2 is a GAP for Rheb; loss of TSC2 raises Rheb-GTP and constitutively activates mTOR. |
| SAU2003 | 2003 | D | Rheb promotes cell growth as a component of the insulin/TOR network in Drosophila. |
| STO2003 | 2003 | D | Rheb is an essential regulator of S6K controlling cell growth downstream of TSC in Drosophila. |
| TEE2003 | 2003 | D | TSC1-TSC2 acts as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for Rheb; when TSC is inactive, Rheb accumulates in its active GTP-bound form and directly activates mTORC1. |