| 2016 | H | Safety of two-year caloric restriction in non-obese healthy individuals ROM2016 Two years of sustained 25% caloric restriction in healthy non-obese adults was safe overall, though it lowered bone density more than controls.
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| 2017 | A | Caloric restriction improves health and survival of rhesus monkeys MAT2017 Direct comparison of two long-term primate CR studies (NIA, Wisconsin) supports consistent health benefits; the survival effect depended on study design and control-diet composition.
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| 2009 | A | 4E-BP extends lifespan upon dietary restriction by enhancing mitochondrial activity in Drosophila ZID2009 Connected the dots between diet, mTOR, and lifespan. Dietary restriction lowers mTOR activity, which frees up 4E-BP - and here 4E-BP was shown to be REQUIRED for the lifespan boost, working by selectively boosting translation of mitochondrial genes. A rare case pinning a specific mTOR effector to the longevity benefit of eating less.
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| 2010 | R | Extending healthy life span--from yeast to humans FON2010 The landmark synthesis showing that eating less (dietary restriction) and dialing down nutrient-sensing pathways - mTOR and growth hormone/IGF-1 - extend healthy lifespan by the SAME conserved mechanisms from yeast to monkeys to humans. This is the paper that frames why mTOR sits at the crossroads of diet and aging.
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