Identification of Sin1 as an essential TORC2 component required for complex formation and kinase activity

Yang Q, Inoki K, Ikenoue T, Guan KL · 2006 · Genes & development · Atlas ID YAN2006

What this study shows

Identified Sin1 as an essential TORC2 component required for Akt phosphorylation.

Abstract

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Target of rapamycin (TOR) is an evolutionally conserved protein kinase in eukaryotes and a central cell growth controller. TOR exists in two distinct complexes, termed TORC1 and TORC2. Mammalian TORC2 has recently been shown to possess kinase activity toward the C-terminal hydrophobic site of Akt/PKB. Here, we report that Sin1 is an essential component of TORC2 but not of TORC1, and functions similarly to Rictor, the defining member of TORC2, in complex formation and kinase activity.

Read the full abstract on PubMed →

At a glance

Evidence type	M Molecular — cells, biochemistry, structure Marked M because it is molecular or in-vitro work (model: Mammalian cells) rather than a whole-organism health-outcome study. That is often exactly where causal biology gets established -- the code says which system the finding was shown in, and nothing about how good the work is.
Study type	5 - Mechanistic / In Vitro
Model system	Mammalian cells
Journal	Genes & development
Year	2006
Peer reviewed	Yes
Record last updated	2026-10-01
Source	DOI 10.1101/gad.1461206 · PMID 17043309 · Free full text (PMC1619946)

Extracted findings

These fields were extracted from the paper with AI assistance and have not been checked against the source. Read them as a pointer into the paper, not as curated claims; where they disagree with the curated summary above, the curated summary stands.

Intervention	Biochemical/genetic (Sin1)
Target	TORC2 / Sin1 / Akt
Model	Mammalian cells
Effect	Sin1 is an essential TORC2 component required for complex formation and kinase activity toward Akt

In the Atlas

Links in the pathway map

Supports mTORC2 activates Akt/PKB
Supports SIN1 / MAPKAP1 required-for mTORC2

Cite this paper

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Yang, Q., Inoki, K., Ikenoue, T., & Guan, K. L. (2006). Identification of Sin1 as an essential TORC2 component required for complex formation and kinase activity. Genes & development. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.1461206

@article{YAN2006,
  author       = {Yang, Q. and Inoki, K. and Ikenoue, T. and Guan, K. L.},
  title        = {{Identification of Sin1 as an essential TORC2 component required for complex formation and kinase activity}},
  journal      = {Genes & development},
  year         = {2006},
  doi          = {10.1101/gad.1461206},
  note         = {PMID: 17043309},
}

Cite this Atlas record

The record is the Atlas's own work — the evidence label, the extracted findings and the links. It is cited as part of the dataset, not as the paper.

Barton, O. (2026). Oliver's mTOR Atlas (record YAN2006) [Data set]. https://mtor-atlas.org/study/YAN2006/ · Dataset DOI 10.5281/zenodo.22059963

@misc{atlas_YAN2006,
  author       = {Barton, Oliver},
  title        = {{Oliver's mTOR Atlas}, record YAN2006},
  howpublished = {Data set},
  year         = {2026},
  url          = {https://mtor-atlas.org/study/YAN2006/},
  doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.22059963}
}

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