Anita Parmigiani
Molecular biologist who worked in Andrei Budanov's lab at Virginia Commonwealth University on Sestrins, stress-induced proteins that hold back mTORC1
Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Goodwin Research Laboratories, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University (papers with Andrei Budanov, 2014–2019, at the time of the study)
Sestrins are proteins that cells make when they are under stress, for example after DNA damage, and they help switch off mTORC1, the growth-control complex. In PAR2014, Anita Parmigiani and colleagues in Andrei Budanov's lab showed in cultured cells how this works. Sestrins bind to GATOR2, a protein complex that normally helps turn mTORC1 on at the lysosome when amino acids are present. By holding GATOR2 back, Sestrins keep the Rag proteins in their inactive state, so mTORC1 cannot be recruited and switched on. The study helped place Sestrins inside the amino acid sensing pathway that controls mTORC1.
Parmigiani published with the Budanov group at Virginia Commonwealth University from 2014 to 2019, on Sestrins and their links to p53, mTORC1 and mTORC2. In a 2019 study of mouse lung cancer and human lung cancer cells, the group found that losing Sestrin2 sped up early tumour growth through AKT, while Sestrins could also slow later stages when nutrients are scarce. No current institutional page was found, so the affiliation shown is the one on the Atlas paper.
Milestones in the Atlas
A selection, not a full bibliography: only papers that meet the Atlas inclusion criteria.
| Year | Evidence | Study |
|---|---|---|
| 2014 | M | Sestrins inhibit mTORC1 kinase activation through the GATOR complex PAR2014 First author: showed in cultured cells that Sestrins inhibit mTORC1 by acting on the GATOR2 complex. |
Co-authors in the Atlas 3
People with a profile here who share at least one study with Anita Parmigiani.
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- Andrei V. Budanov Helped identify the Sestrins as stress-induced proteins and was among the groups that showed they inhibit mTORC1 through the GATOR complex, a brake that protects against age-related disease
- Kun-Liang Guan Showed how growth-factor and energy signals reach mTORC1 through TSC2 and Rheb, and, in parallel with the Sabatini lab, that the Rag GTPases carry the amino-acid signal. His lab also found that AMPK and mTORC1 control autophagy by phosphorylating the kinase ULK1 at different sites
- Michael Karin Cell biologist best known for discovering AP-1 and JNK signaling and the IKK-NF-kB inflammation pathway, whose lab also co-led the study of Sestrin as a feedback inhibitor of TOR.
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