Oliver's mTOR Atlas Evidence Platform
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Pathway link VATPASE-RAGULATOR

v-ATPase Ragulator

v-ATPase required-for Ragulator.

The lysosome's acid pump senses amino acids from the inside and passes that information out to Ragulator, which passes it on to the Rag proteins.

The lysosome's proton pump talks to Ragulator from the inside out: amino acids inside the lysosome change v-ATPase, which changes Ragulator, which changes the Rags.

The conditions it holds under

The 'inside-out' model requires amino acids to accumulate inside the lysosome first; how they get there for every amino acid is not fully mapped.

Time it takes
always on
Step
direct (one molecule acts on the other)
Measured in
human cells
Where in the cell
lysosome
Reaches people?
plausible in people, not shown directly
How settled
emerging, few independent studies

Studies behind it

YearEvidenceStudy
2011 M mTORC1 senses lysosomal amino acids through an inside-out mechanism that requires the vacuolar H(+)-ATPaseZON2011 Showed amino acid sensing starts INSIDE the lysosome: amino acids accumulate in the lumen and the v-ATPase relays that signal outward ('inside-out') to Ragulator-Rag. A surprising twist on where the cell measures its nutrient status.
2012 M Ragulator is a GEF for the rag GTPases that signal amino acid levels to mTORC1BAR2012 Ragulator was reported as a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for RagA/B on the lysosome; later work places Ragulator's exchange activity on RagC and assigns RagA GTP loading to SLC38A9, so the tethering role is the better-established one.

Points the other way

No study in the Atlas contradicts this link. That means none in this curated set, not none in the literature.

Who has checked this

Checked by
No researcher outside the project has checked this link yet.
Curator sign-off
Not signed off yet. This link was drafted with AI help and has not been reviewed link by link; treat it as a proposal until it is.
Curated by
Oliver Barton, with AI help for drafting; see how links are checked.

“How settled” describes how far researchers in the field agree. It is not the same as the sign-off above, which only says whether a named curator has checked this page.

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