Pathway link AMPK-MTORC1
AMPK mTORC1
AMPK inhibits mTORC1.
AMPK also hits mTORC1 directly, adding a second, energy-based checkpoint on top of TSC.
The conditions it holds under
Cell biochemistry in human and mouse cells (GWI2008) plus one study in aged mice (YAN2026B). Direct Raptor phosphorylation is shown in cells; how much it adds beside the TSC route in living tissue, and in people, is not shown.
The Raptor arm is the TSC2-independent route, which is why it is measurable in TSC-null cells. Its relative contribution versus the TSC2 arm varies by cell type and by how deep the energy stress is.
- Time it takes
- minutes
- Step
- direct (one molecule acts on the other)
- Measured in
- mammalian cells
- Where in the cell
- lysosome
- Reaches people?
- plausible in people, not shown directly
- How settled
- settled in the literature
Studies behind it
| Year | Evidence | Study |
|---|---|---|
| 2008 | M | AMPK phosphorylation of raptor mediates a metabolic checkpointGWI2008 Found a SECOND way the energy sensor AMPK shuts mTORC1 down. Besides acting through TSC2, AMPK directly phosphorylates Raptor - the core mTORC1 subunit - to halt growth when energy runs low. This 'metabolic checkpoint' is exactly the switch that drugs like metformin and exercise tap into. |
| 2026 | A | Hepassocin prevents age-related liver senescence and facilitates liver regeneration by activating AMPKYAN2026B Hepassocin (HPS/FGL1), a hepatokine, activates AMPK via an ANXA2-ERK-p90RSK-LKB1 cascade, restraining mTOR activity. Aged HPS-knockout mice show reduced LKB1/AMPK activation and elevated mTOR activity, impaired autophagy, exacerbated cellular senescence, and severely compromised liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. AMPK agonist AICAR or exogenous HPS rescued the aging/regeneration phenotype. |
Points the other way
No study in the Atlas contradicts this link. That means none in this curated set, not none in the literature.
Who has checked this
- Checked by
- No researcher outside the project has checked this link yet.
- Curator sign-off
- Not signed off yet. This link was drafted with AI help and has not been reviewed link by link; treat it as a proposal until it is.
- Curated by
- Oliver Barton, with AI help for drafting; see how links are checked.
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