{
 "meta": {
  "api_version": "1.0.0",
  "dataset_version": "2.0.1+unreleased",
  "live_matches_release": false,
  "archived_release": {
   "version": "2.0.1",
   "version_doi": "10.5281/zenodo.23090261",
   "date": "2026-10-01",
   "studies": 428
  },
  "data_fingerprint": "4823f516b720e66843f0b75952daf5ccc5279a7c20c0cb7c0d1ac126ff6ca768",
  "corpus_snapshot": "2026-10-24T21:34:23+0200",
  "source_commit": "8f0f14a10e115daab72bb59e5bf8c63eda1daeb8",
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "cite": "Barton O. Oliver's mTOR Atlas (live data, not an archived version; give corpus_snapshot and source_commit). doi:10.5281/zenodo.22059963",
  "docs": "https://mtor-atlas.org/api/"
 },
 "data": {
  "id": "METFORMIN-AMPK",
  "claim": "Metformin activates AMPK",
  "source": {
   "name": "Metformin",
   "entity": "metformin"
  },
  "target": {
   "name": "AMPK",
   "entity": "ampk"
  },
  "effect": "activates",
  "type": "signal-relay",
  "directness": "indirect",
  "timescale": "minutes",
  "compartment": "cytosol",
  "map_band": "cytosol",
  "species": [
   "mammalian cells"
  ],
  "mechanism": "Metformin shifts the cell's energy balance and AMPK switches on - the route it is usually credited to, and why it keeps appearing next to rapamycin in longevity discussions.",
  "mechanism_beginner": "Metformin shifts the cell's energy balance and switches AMPK on – its best-known route to affecting this pathway.",
  "context": null,
  "boundary": "How much of metformin's effect actually runs through AMPK is disputed: it still suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis in AMPK-null and LKB1-null mouse liver (FOR2010) and still inhibits mTORC1 in AMPK-null cells (KAL2010). See the parallel METFORMIN-MTORC1 edge.",
  "boundary_tags": [
   "direction-contested"
  ],
  "note": null,
  "consensus_contested": true,
  "curation_contested": true,
  "contested": true,
  "confidence": {
   "mechanistic": "low",
   "human_relevance": "plausible",
   "consensus": "contested"
  },
  "evidence": {
   "kind": "Pharmacological",
   "strongest": {
    "code": "A",
    "label": "Animal model"
   },
   "supporting": [
    "ZHO2001",
    "PEA2009"
   ],
   "conflicting": [
    "KAL2010"
   ]
  },
  "external_refs": [],
  "reviewed": null,
  "updated": null,
  "checked": null,
  "review_status": "unreviewed",
  "reviewer": null,
  "curation_status": "Contested",
  "url": "https://mtor-atlas.org/relation/METFORMIN-AMPK/",
  "api_url": "https://mtor-atlas.org/api/v1/relations/METFORMIN-AMPK.json"
 }
}